Database Access CLI Reference

This reference shows you how to run common commands for managing Teleport the Database Service, including:

• The teleport daemon command, which is executed on the host where you will run the Teleport Database Service.

• The tctl administration tool, which you use to manage db resources that represent databases known to your Teleport cluster.

  To check that you can connect to your Teleport cluster, sign in with tsh login, then verify that you can run tctl commands using your current credentials.

  For example:

  $ tsh login --proxy=teleport.example.com [email protected]
  $ tctl status
  # Cluster  teleport.example.com
  # Version  16.4.7
  # CA pin   sha256:abdc1245efgh5678abdc1245efgh5678abdc1245efgh5678abdc1245efgh5678

  If you can connect to the cluster and run the tctl status command, you can use your current credentials to run subsequent tctl commands from your workstation. If you host your own Teleport cluster, you can also run tctl commands on the computer that hosts the Teleport Auth Service for full permissions.

• The tsh client tool, which end-users run in order to access databases in your cluster.

teleport db start

Starts Teleport Database Service.

Self-Hosted

$ teleport db start \
    --token=/path/to/token \
    --auth-server=proxy.example.com:3080 \
    --name=example \
    --protocol=postgres \
    --uri=postgres.example.com:5432

Teleport Enterprise Cloud

$ teleport db start \
    --token=/path/to/token \
    --auth-server=mytenant.teleport.sh:443 \
    --name=example \
    --protocol=postgres \
    --uri=postgres.mytenant.teleport.sh:5432

Flag	Description
-d/--debug	Enable verbose logging to stderr.
--pid-file	Full path to the PID file. By default no PID file will be created.
--auth-server	Address of the Teleport Proxy Service.
--token	Invitation token to register with the Auth Service.
--ca-pin	CA pin to validate the Auth Service.
-c/--config	Path to a configuration file (default /etc/teleport.yaml).
--labels	Comma-separated list of labels for this node, for example env=dev,app=web.
--fips	Start Teleport in FedRAMP/FIPS 140-2 mode.
--name	Name of the proxied database.
--description	Description of the proxied database.
--protocol	Proxied database protocol. Supported are: postgres and mysql.
--uri	Address the proxied database is reachable at.
--ca-cert	Database CA certificate path.
--aws-region	(Only for RDS, Aurora or Redshift) AWS region RDS, Aurora or Redshift database instance is running in.
--aws-redshift-cluster-id	(Only for Redshift) Redshift database cluster identifier.
--gcp-project-id	(Only for Cloud SQL) GCP Cloud SQL project identifier.
--gcp-instance-id	(Only for Cloud SQL) GCP Cloud SQL instance identifier.

teleport db configure create

Creates a sample Database Service configuration.

Self-Hosted

$ teleport db configure create --rds-discovery=us-west-1 --rds-discovery=us-west-2
$ teleport db configure create \
  --token=/tmp/token \
  --proxy=proxy.example.com:3080 \
  --name=example \
  --protocol=postgres \
  --uri=postgres://postgres.example.com:5432 \
  --labels=env=prod

Teleport Enterprise Cloud

$ teleport db configure create --rds-discovery=us-west-1 --rds-discovery=us-west-2
$ teleport db configure create \
  --token=/tmp/token \
  --proxy=mytenant.teleport.sh:443 \
  --name=example \
  --protocol=postgres \
  --uri=postgres://postgres.mytenant.teleport.sh:5432 \
  --labels=env=prod

Flag	Description
--proxy	Teleport Proxy Service address to connect to. Default: 0.0.0.0:3080.
--token	Invitation token to register with the Auth Service. Default: none.
--rds-discovery	List of AWS regions in which the agent will discover RDS/Aurora instances.
--rdsproxy-discovery	List of AWS regions in which the agent will discover RDS Proxies.
--redshift-discovery	List of AWS regions in which the agent will discover Redshift instances.
--redshift-serverless-discovery	List of AWS regions in which the agent will discover Redshift Serverless instances.
--elasticache-discovery	List of AWS regions in which the agent will discover ElastiCache Redis clusters.
--aws-tags	(Only for AWS discoveries) Comma-separated list of AWS resource tags to match, for example env=dev,dept=it
--memorydb-discovery	List of AWS regions in which the agent will discover MemoryDB clusters.
--azure-mysql-discovery	List of Azure regions in which the agent will discover MySQL servers.
--azure-postgres-discovery	List of Azure regions in which the agent will discover Postgres servers.
--azure-redis-discovery	List of Azure regions in which the agent will discover Azure Cache For Redis servers.
--azure-subscription	List of Azure subscription IDs for Azure discoveries. Default is "*".
--azure-resource-group	List of Azure resource groups for Azure discoveries. Default is "*".
--azure-tags	(Only for Azure discoveries) Comma-separated list of Azure resource tags to match, for example env=dev,dept=it
--ca-pin	CA pin to validate the Auth Service (can be repeated for multiple pins).
--name	Name of the proxied database.
--protocol	Proxied database protocol. Refer to the configuration reference for supported values.
--uri	Address the proxied database is reachable at.
--labels	Comma-separated list of labels for the database, for example env=dev,dept=it
-o/--output	Write to stdout with --output=stdout, the default config file with --output=file, or a custom path with --output=file:///path
--dynamic-resources-labels	Comma-separated list(s) of labels to match dynamic resources, for example env=dev,dept=it. Required to enable dynamic resources matching.

teleport db configure bootstrap

Bootstrap the necessary configuration for the Database Service. It reads the provided configuration to determine what will be bootstrapped.

$ teleport db configure bootstrap -c /etc/teleport.yaml --attach-to-user TeleportUser
$ teleport db configure bootstrap -c /etc/teleport.yaml --attach-to-role TeleportRole
$ teleport db configure bootstrap -c /etc/teleport.yaml --manual

Flag	Description
-c/--config	Path to a configuration file. Default: /etc/teleport.yaml.
--manual	When executed in "manual" mode, this command will print the instructions to complete the configuration instead of applying them directly.
--policy-name	Name of the Teleport Database Service policy. Default: DatabaseAccess
--confirm	Do not prompt the user and auto-confirm all actions.
--attach-to-role	Role name to attach the policy to. Mutually exclusive with --attach-to-user. If none of the attach-to flags is provided, the command will try to attach the policy to the current user/role based on the credentials.
--attach-to-user	User name to attach the policy to. Mutually exclusive with --attach-to-role. If none of the attach-to flags is provided, the command will try to attach the policy to the current user/role based on the credentials.

teleport db configure aws print-iam

Print the necessary IAM permissions required for the Database Service based on provided database types.

$ teleport db configure aws print-iam --types rds
$ teleport db configure aws print-iam --types rds,redshift --role my-db-service-role
$ teleport db configure aws print-iam --types redshift-serverless --assumes-roles my-access-role --policy

Flag	Description
-r/--types	Comma-separated list of database types to include in the policy. Any of rds, rdsproxy, redshift, redshift-serverless, elasticache, memorydb, keyspace, dynamodb, opensearch.
--role	IAM role name to attach policy to. Mutually exclusive with --user.
--user	IAM user name to attach policy to. Mutually exclusive with --role.
--[no-]policy	Only print an IAM policy document.
--[no-]boundary	Only print an IAM boundary policy document.
--assumes-roles	Comma-separated list of additional IAM roles that the IAM identity should be able to assume. Each role can be either an IAM role ARN or the name of a role in the identity's account.

tctl auth sign

When invoked with a --format=db (or --format=mongodb for MongoDB) flag, produces a CA certificate, a client certificate and a private key file used for configuring the Database Service with self-hosted database instances.

Note

For database formats, tctl must be run on an Auth Service host or the remote user must be be able to impersonate the built-in Db role and user. See the impersonation guide for details on how to allow impersonation.

$ tctl auth sign --format=db --host=db.example.com --out=db --ttl=2190h
$ tctl auth sign --format=db --host=host1,localhost,127.0.0.1 --out=db --ttl=2190h

In this example, db.example.com is the hostname where the Teleport Database Service can reach the database server. The second example assumes a database running on the same host as Teleport.

Flag	Description
--format	When given value db, produces secrets in database compatible format. Use mongodb when generating MongoDB secrets.
--host	Comma-separated SANs to encode in the certificate. Must contain the hostname Teleport will use to connect to the database.
--out	Name prefix for output files.
--ttl	Certificate validity period.

Setting up RBAC for signing database certificates

The tctl user must have permissions to impersonate the Teleport Database Service role, Db, in order to generate a signed database certificate. To add these impersonation privileges to your Teleport user, run the following commands.

First, define a role that can impersonate the Db user. Add the following content to a file called db-impersonator.yaml:

kind: role
version: v5
metadata:
  name: db-impersonator
spec:
  options:
  allow:
    impersonate:
      users: ['Db']
      roles: ['Db']

Create the role:

$ tctl create -f db-impersonator.yaml

Open your Teleport user's dynamic configuration resource in your editor so you can add the db-impersonator role:

$ TELEPORT_USER=<your user>
$ tctl edit user/${TELEPORT_USER?}

Add the db-impersonator role:

spec:
   - access
   - auditor
   - editor
+  - db-impersonator
   status:
     is_locked: false

Update your user by saving and closing the file in your editor.

Log out of your Teleport cluster and log in again. You will now be able to run tctl auth sign for database-specific certificate formats.

TTL

We recommend using a shorter TTL, but keep mind that you'll need to update the database server certificate before it expires to not lose the ability to connect. Pick the TTL value that best fits your use-case.

tctl db ls

Administrative command to list all databases registered with the cluster.

$ tctl db ls
$ tctl db ls --format=yaml

Flag	Description
--format	Output format, one of text, yaml or json. Defaults to text.

tctl get db

Prints the list of all configured database resources.

Flag	Description
--format	Output format, one of text, yaml or json. Defaults to yaml.

tctl get db/database-resource-name

Prints details about database-resource-name database resource.

Flag	Description
--format	Output format, one of text, yaml or json. Defaults to yaml.

tctl rm db/database-resource-name

Removes database resource called database-resource-name.

tsh db ls

Lists available databases and their connection information.

$ tsh db ls

Displays only the databases a user has access to (see RBAC).

tsh db login

Retrieves database credentials.

$ tsh db login example
$ tsh db login --db-user=postgres --db-name=postgres example

Flag	Description
--db-user	The database user to log in as.
--db-name	The database name to log in to.
--db-roles	Comma-separated list of database roles to use for auto-provisioned user. If not provided, all database roles will be assigned.

If --db-user or --db-name are required, then default settings are chosen from either an active database certificate obtained via a prior use of tsh db login or from the user's allowed db_users or db_names.

The database user is always required. The database name is required for PostgreSQL, MongoDB, and Oracle databases.

tsh db logout

Removes database credentials.

$ tsh db logout example
$ tsh db logout

tsh db connect

Connect to a database using its CLI client.

# Short syntax when only logged into a single database.
$ tsh db connect
# Specify database service to connect to explicitly.
$ tsh db connect example
# Provide database user and name to connect to.
$ tsh db connect --db-user=alice --db-name=db example
# Select a subset of allowed database roles.
$ tsh db connect --db-user=alice --db-name=db --db-roles reader example

Note

Respective database CLI clients (psql, mysql, mongo or mongosh) should be available in PATH.

Flag	Description
--db-user	The database user to log in as.
--db-name	The database name to log in to.
--db-roles	Comma-separated list of database roles to use for auto-provisioned user. If not provided, all database roles will be assigned.

If --db-user or --db-name are required, then default settings are chosen from either an active database certificate obtained via a prior use of tsh db login or from the user's allowed db_users or db_names.

The database user is always required. The database name is required for PostgreSQL, MongoDB, and Oracle databases.

tsh db env

Outputs environment variables for a particular database.

$ tsh db env
$ tsh db env example
$ eval $(tsh db env)

tsh db config

Prints database connection information. Useful when configuring GUI clients.

$ tsh db config
$ tsh db config example
$ tsh db config --format=cmd example

Flag	Description
--format	Output format: text is default, cmd to print native database client connect command.